diff --git a/lib/compress.js b/lib/compress.js
index 42aae488..1889db0c 100644
--- a/lib/compress.js
+++ b/lib/compress.js
@@ -13340,6 +13340,7 @@ Compressor.prototype.compress = function(node) {
                 def.single_use = false;
                 if (!in_loop) return;
                 if (def.references.length == def.replaced) return;
+                if (def.orig.length == def.eliminated) return;
                 if (def.orig.length == 1 && fn.functions.has(name)) return;
                 if (!all(def.orig, function(sym) {
                     if (sym instanceof AST_SymbolConst) return false;
diff --git a/test/compress/functions.js b/test/compress/functions.js
index 2b393ba1..40ed7fc6 100644
--- a/test/compress/functions.js
+++ b/test/compress/functions.js
@@ -8270,3 +8270,62 @@ issue_5366: {
         "baz",
     ]
 }
+
+issue_5376_1: {
+    options = {
+        evaluate: true,
+        inline: true,
+        join_vars: true,
+        loops: true,
+        reduce_vars: true,
+        toplevel: true,
+        unused: true,
+    }
+    input: {
+        "use strict";
+        var a;
+        for (;42;)
+            var b = function() {
+                var c;
+                throw new Error(c++);
+            }();
+    }
+    expect: {
+        "use strict";
+        for (;;) {
+            42;
+            throw new Error(NaN);
+        }
+    }
+    expect_stdout: Error("NaN")
+}
+
+issue_5376_2: {
+    options = {
+        evaluate: true,
+        inline: true,
+        join_vars: true,
+        loops: true,
+        side_effects: true,
+        toplevel: true,
+        unused: true,
+    }
+    input: {
+        "use strict";
+        var a;
+        for (;42;)
+            var b = function() {
+                var c;
+                c++;
+                throw new Error("PASS");
+            }();
+    }
+    expect: {
+        "use strict";
+        for (;;) {
+            0;
+            throw new Error("PASS");
+        }
+    }
+    expect_stdout: Error("PASS")
+}